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1412

Constantine Porphyrogenitus. De administrando imperio. Yol. 1. P. 62–63.

1413

The Russian Primary Chronicle. P. 77.

1414

The tale of Ol’ga’s revenge on Drevljane is permeated with pagan motifs some of which are connected with Old Norse beliefs and practices.

1415

The Russian Primary Chronicle. P. 80.

1416

Cf. the report of Ibn Fadhlan of the burial of a Rus’ merchant in Bulgar in 922: Ibn Fozlan’s und anderer Araber Berichte liber die Russen alterer Zeit / С. M. Frahn. St-Petersburg, 1823.

1417

The Russian Primary Chronicle. P. 82. The date of Ol’ga’s visit to Constantinople is debatable. The date of the «Primary Chronicle» does not correspond to the possible dates of the visit suggested by Constantine VII. He states in his treatise «De cerimoniis» that the two receptions of Ol’ga at the court took place on Wednesday, 9 September, and Sunday, 18 October, which makes 946 and 957 the only possible years. The latter date, however, corresponds to the year 6466 which is the year of Ol’ga’s voyage in the Novgorod Karamzin Chronicle that is considered to base on early non-extant sources. For arguments in favour of this date as well as for the literature see Назаренко А. В. Древняя Русь на международных путях. М., 2001. С. 219–263. See also: Muller L. Die Taufe Russlands. S. 72–86; Featherstone J. Ol’ga’s visit to Constantinople // Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 1990. Yol. 14. No. 3/4. P. 293–312; Fennel J.L. When was Olga Canonized?// Christianity and the Eastern Slavs. Yol. 1. 1993. P. 77–82; Литаврин Г. Г. Византия и славяне. СПб., 1999. A critical survey of historiography see: Назаренко А. В. Древняя Русь. С. 219–311.

1418

Konstantin Porphyrogenitus. De cerimoniis aulae Byzantine// Corpus Scriptores Historiae Byzantinae. Bonn, 1829. T. V, 1. 594.15-598.12. English transl.: Featherstone J. Ol’ga’s visit to Constantinople. P. 292–312.

1419

Ol’ga’s baptism in Constantinople is mentioned, however, in the Continuation of the Chronicle of Regino of Priim for the years 907–967 that is believed to be written by Adalbert after his return from Rus’ (Reginonis abbatis Prumiensis Chronicon cum continuatione Treverensi / F. Kurze. // MGH SRG. 1890. B. 50. S. 170–172) and by Ioann Scylitza, a Byzantine author of the second half of the eleventh century (Iohannis Scylitzae Synopsis historiarum /1. Thurn. B.; N.Y., 1973. P. 240.77–81). Cf. Назаренко А. В. Древняя Русь. C. 263ff., 266ff.

1420

This hypothesis was first suggested by A. A. Shakhmatov (Шахматов А. А. Разыскания о древнейших русских летописных сводах. СПб., 1908 (repr. М., 2001). С. 117). It was also supposed that Ol’ga could be baptized after her return from Constantinople (Arrignon J.-P. Les relations diplomatiques entre Byzance et la Russie de 860 a 1044 // Revue des etudes slaves. 1983. T. 55. P. 129–137). A critical survey of literature on the place of Ol’ga’s baptism cf.: Назаренко А. В. Древняя Русь. С. 270–271.

1421

The Russian Primary Chronicle. P. 83.

1422

That is the first occasion when dispatching of military help to Byzantine Emperors is mentioned in either Old Russian or Byzantine sources.