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Исследование, проведенное в Университетском госпитале Цюриха, Швейцария: Sonderegger-Iseli K, et al. Diagnostic errors in 3 medical eras: a necropsy study. Lancet. 2000; 355:2027–2031.

Данные американского Агентства по исследованиям здравоохранения и качества: Shojania K, et al. The autopsy as an outcome and performance measure. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment no. 58 (Prepared by the University of California at San Francisco– Stanford Evidence-Based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-97-0013), AHRQ Publication no. 03-E002. Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, October 2002.

Глава 1: Факты и то, что кроется за ними

Действительно, подавляющее большинство диагнозов: Hasnajn M, Bordage G, et al. History taking behaviors associated with diagnostic competence of clerks: an exploratory study. Acad Med. 2001; 76:10:S14–S16. Hampton JR, et al. Relative contributions of history taking, physical examination and laboratory investigation to diagnosis and management of medical outpatients. BMJ. 1975; 2:486–489.

В записях бесед между врачом и пациентом: Beckman HB, Frankel RM. The effect of physician behavior on collection of data. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:692–696.

Другое исследование показало: Dyche L, Swiderski D. The effect of physician solicitation approaches on ability to identify patient concerns. J Gen Int Med. 2005; 20:267–270. Marvel MK, et al. Soliciting the patient’s agenda: have we improved? JAMA. 1999; 281:283–287. Rhoades DR, et al. Speaking and interruptions during primary care office visits. Fam Med. 2001;33:528–532.

Записи продемонстрировали: Beckman HB, Frankel RM. The effect of physician behavior on collection of data. Ann Intern Med. 1984; 101:692–696.

В одном из отчетов сообщается: Baker LH, O’Connell D, Platt FW. What else?

Setting the agenda for the clinical interview. Annals Int Med. 2005; 143(10):776–771.

В других отчетах врач и пациент расходились по существу: Starfield B, Wray C, et al. The influence of patient-practitioner agreement on outcome of care. Am J Public Health. 1981;71:127–131. Burack RC, Carpenter RR. The predictive value of the presenting complaint. J Fam Pract. 1983;16:749–754.

Если вы задаете вопросы: Epstein RM, Street RL. Patient centered care for the 21st century: physicians’ roles, health systems and patients’ preferences. ABIM. 2008 Summer Forum, “From Rhetoric to Reality: Achieving Patient Centered Care.”

Нельзя быть уверенным: Doyle AC. “The Sign of Four,” Sherlock Holmes: The Complete Novels and Stories, vol. 1. NY: Bantam, 1986, p. 175.

Разницу между «человеком вообще» и конкретным человеком: Fosarelli P. Medicine, spirituality and patient care. JAMA. 2008; 300(7):836–838.

Вклад пациента в данный процесс: Platt F. Two collaborating artists produce a work of art: the medical interview. Arch Int Med. 2003; 163:1131–1132.

Прием у врача продолжается: Forem J. Make the most of a doctor’s visit. Boston Globe, September 19, 2005.

В 1989 году средняя продолжительность приема: Mechanic D, et al. Are patient office visits with physicians getting shorter? N Engl J Med. 2001; 344(3):198–204.