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colours; in them spatial extent appears bathed with atmosphere and light. The effects he achieved in water-colours Turner transferred

to oil painting as well. His colours, often of high intensity, retain their relative values effectively and, when coupled with accurate

drawing of shapes, as in the early "Derwenter" with the "Falls of Lodore" or the late "Norham Castle— Sunrise" are kept within control

by the artist. In 1807, Turner began a series of etchings and mezzotints from his own drawings, for a book to be entitled Liber

Studiorum. The work, discontinued in 1820, grew out of his admiration for Claude Lorrain's Liber varietatis. Turner died at Chelsea on

December 19th, 1 8 5 1 , regarded as the titular cofound- er, with Thomas Girtin, of English water-colour landscape painting.

(From "Mozaika", No. 3, 1966)

Emphatic Stress

M o d e l s : Today's out of

WhenNcan you ,come, may I

the question,

ask?

too.

Was he really so

'Absolutely A terrible.

bad?

When the speaker wants to draw special attention to a word in a sentence he makes it more prominent than the other stressed

words. It is given a greater degree of force and has wider range of pitch (the High Fall, the Rise-Fall, etc.). .

Such extra stress singles out the nuclear word (or words) to emphasize the attitudinal meaning. This type of sentence stress is

called emphatic.

EXERCISES

9. Listen carefully to the following conversational situations. Concentrate your attention on the nuclear word marked by the emphatic

stress in the replies.'

Verbal Context

But you don't really mean to say that you couldn't love me if

Drill

my name wasn't Ernest?

But your name is Ernest.

Yes, Mr. Worthing, what have you got to say to me?

You know what I have got to say to you. Finished what may I

Mamma! I must beg you to retire. This is no place for you.

ask?

Besides, Mr. Worthing has not quite finished yet.

I am glad to hear it. A man should always have an occupation

Do you smoke? — Well, yes, I must admit I smoke.

of some kind.

How old are you? — Twenty- nine.

A very good age to be married at.

Well, I own a house in Belgrave Square.

What number in Belgrave Square?

I was in a hand-bag — a somewhat large, black leather

In what locality did this Mr. James or Thomas Cardew come

hand-bag, with handles to it — an ordinary hand-bag, in

across this ordinary hand-bag?

fact.

I would strongly advise you, Mr. Worthing, to try and acquire

May I ask you then what you would advise me to do ?

some relations as soon as possible, and to make a definite

You know his brother has measles.

effort to produce at any rate one parent, of either sex

He ought to be isolated.

before the season is quite over.

If you don't believe me, look for yourself.

Most of the children here have had measles.

So you have done it at last.

I have got him isolated — in a kind of way.

Why didn't you speak to my father yourself on the boat?

That may be your idea of isolation. I'm afraid it isn't mine.

Yes, at least Cokane's done it.

You had no right to speak to me that day on board the