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14

Louis Francis Hartman and Alexander A. Di Leila, The Book of Daniel, trans. Louis Francis Hartman, The Anchor Bible (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1978), 101. They themselves list Exod 13:21; 19:16; 20:21; Deut 5:22; I Kings 8:10; and Sir 45:4.

15

J. A. Emerton, "The Origin of the Son of Man Imagery," Journal of Theological Studies 9 (1958): 231-32.

16

Matthew Black, "The Throne—Theophany, Prophetic Commission, and the 'Son of Man,' " in Jews, Greeks, and Christians: Religious Cultures in Late Antiquity: Essays in Honor of William David Davies, ed. Robert G. Hamerton—Kelley and Robin Scroggs (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1976), 61.

17

For a study of the ubiquity of this pattern, see Moshe Idel, Ben: Sonship and Jewish Mysticism, Kogod Library of Judaic Studies (London: Continuum, 2007).

18

Frank Moore Cross, Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973), 43.

19

Readers of modern Hebrew will surely find Yisra'el Knohl, Me—Ayin Banu: Ha—Tsofen Ha—Geneti Shel Ha—Tanakh [The Genetic Code of the Bible] (Or Yehudah: Devir, 2008), 102-13, of interest here. Especially riveting is Knohl's idea that YHVH was represented by a golden calf insofar as he was understood as the son of El, who was a bull.

20

After the rabbis, I have found only Sigmund Olaf Plytt Mowinckel, He That Cometh: The Messiah Concept in the Old Testament and Later Judaism, trans. G. W. Anderson (Oxford: B. Blackwell, 1956), 352, emphasizing this point sufficiently, but, of course, since the literature is massive, I may (almost certainly have) missed others.

21

Following the argument made originally by Emerton, "Origin."

22

John J. Collins, Daniel: A Commentary on the Book of Daniel, Hermeneia (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993), 291.

23

I have modified Collins's original list of such patterns in two ways. I have dropped the comparison with the sea, since I believe that the sea vision and the Son of Man vision were once two separate elements, and I have emphasized the differential ages of the two divine figures, which seems to me crucial for understanding the pattern of relationships here.

24

Carsten Colpe, "Ho Huios Tou Anthropou," in Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, vol. 8 (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1972), 8:400-477.

25

Ronald Hendel, "The Exodus in Biblical Memory," in Remembering Abraham (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 57-75.

26

Cross, Canaanite, 58. See also David Biale, "The God with Breasts: El Shaddai in the Bible," History of Religions 21, no. 3 (February 1982): 240-56, and Mark S. Smith, The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel, 2^nd ed. with a foreword by Patrick D. Miller, Biblical Resources Series (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2002), 184.