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5. Hraba, J., amp; Grant, G. (1970). Black is beautiful: A reexamination of racial prejudice and identification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 398-402. Banks, С. (1976). White preference in blacks: A paradigm in search of a phenomenon. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 1179-1186. Ward, С. (1979). Differential evaluation of male and female expertise: Prejudice against women? British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 65-69. Ward, С. (1981). Prejudice against women: Who, when, and why? Sex Roles, 7, 163-171.

6. Petfigrew, Т.Е. (1989). The nature of modern racism in the United States. Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale, 2, 291-303.

7. Time, February 2, 1987, pp. 18-21.

8. AIlporf, G. (1954, 1980). The nature of prejudice {p. 13). Reading, MA:Addison-Wesley.

9. Newsweek, November 25, 1974, p. 39.

10. Neugarten,B. (1946). Social class and friendship among schoolchildren. American Journal ofSociology, 5/, 305-313.

11. Bond, C.F., Jr., DiCandia, C.G., amp; MacKinnon, J.R. (1988). Response to violence in a psychiatric setting: The role of the patient's race. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14,448-458.

12. Bodenhausen, G., amp; Wyer, R. (1985). Effects of stereotypes on decision making and information-processing strategies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 267-282.

13. Shafer, D.R., amp; Wallace, A. (1990). Belief congruence and evaluator homophobia as determinants of the attractiveness of competent homosexual and heterosexual males. Journal of Psychology amp; Human Sexuality, 3, 67-87.

14. Steele, С. (1992, April). Race and the schooling of black Americans. The Atlantic Monthly, pp. 68-78.

15. Steele, С., amp;Aronson, J. (1994). Stereotype vulnerability: Apsychological approach to underachievement among black Americans. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Kona, Hawaii, April, 1994.

16. Pettigrew, T.F. (1979). The ultimate atrribution error: Extending Allport's cognitive analysis of prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 5, 461-476.

17. Ibid.

18. Feldman-Summers, S., amp; Kiesler, S.B. (1974). Those who are number two try harder: The effect of sex on attributions of causality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30,80-85.

19. Deaux, К., amp; Ernsweiler, Т. (1974), Explanations of successful performance on sex-linked tasks: What is skill for male is luck for the female. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29, 80-85.

20. Nicholls, J.G. (1975). Causal attributions and other achievement-related cognitions: Effect of task outcome, attainment value, and sex. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31,379-389.

21. Weinberg, R.S., Richardson, P.A., amp; Jackson, A. (1983). Effect of situation criticality on tennis performance of males and females. Newsletter of the Society for the Advancement of Soda! Psychology, 9, 8-9.

22. Turner, M., amp; Pratkanis, A. (1993). Effects of preferential and meritorious selection on performance: An examination of intuitive and self-handicapping perspectives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 47-58.