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91

Washer, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 153.

92

Evans, Death in Hamburg, 229.

93

Marc Alexander, "'The Rigid Embrace of the Narrow House': Premature Burial & the Signs of Death," The Hastings Center Report 10, no. 3 (June 1980): 25–31.

94

Delaporte, Disease and Civilization, 43.

95

Ibid., 27–48; N. P. Willis, "Letter XVIII: Cholera – Universal terror…" and "Letter XVI: the cholera – a masque ball – the gay world – mobs – visit to the hotel dieu," Pencillings by the Way (New York: Morris & Willis, 1844).

96

Delaporte, Disease and Civilization, 40, 43.

97

Edward P. Richards, Katharine C. Rathbun, and Jay Gold, "The Smallpox Vaccination Campaign of 2003: Why Did It Fail and What Are the Lessons for Bioterrorism Preparedness?" Louisiana Law Review 64 (2004).

98

Willis, Prose Works.

99

Bank of the Manhattan Company, "Ships and Shipping of Old New York: A Brief Account of the Interesting Phases of the Commerce of New York from the Foundation of the City to the Beginning of the Civil War" (New York, 1915), 39.

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С неудобствами приходилось мириться даже пассажирам первого класса. Каюты были холодными, душными и темными, спальное место представляло собой застеленную мешковиной койку с углублением в центре, чтобы пассажир не свалился во сне во время сильной качки. Stephen Fox, The Ocean Railway: Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Samuel Cunard and the Revolutionary World of the Great Atlantic Steamships (New York: Harper, 2003), 7–14; "On the Water," Maritime Nation, 1800–1850: Enterprise on the Water, Smithsonian National Museum of American History, http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthewater/exhibition/2_3.html.

101

Echenberg, Africa in the Time of Cholera, 61.

102

J. S. Chambers, The Conquest of Cholera: America's Greatest Scourge (New York: Macmillan, 1938), 298.

103

J. T. Carlton, "The Scale and Ecological Consequences of Biological Invasions in the World's Oceans," in Odd Terje Sandlund et al., eds., Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management (Boston: Kluwer Academic, 1999); Mike McCarthy, "The Iron Hull: A Brief History of Iron Shipbuilding," Iron Ships & Steam Shipwrecks: Papers from the First Australian Seminar on the Management of Iron Vessels & Steam Shipwrecks (Fremantle: Western Australian Maritime Museum, 1985).

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Rita R. Colwell et al., "Global Spread of Microorganisms by Ships," Nature 408, no. 6808 (2000): 49.

105

Chambers, The Conquest of Cholera, 201; Carol Sheriff, The Artificial River: The Erie Canal and the Paradox of Progress, 1817–1862 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1996), 15–17.

106

Steven Solomon, Water: The Epic Struggle for Wealth, Power, and Civilization (New York: Harper, 2010), 289.

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Ashleigh R. Tuite, Christina H. Chan, and David N. Fisman, "Cholera, Canals, and Contagion: Rediscovering Dr Beck's Report," Journal of Public Health Policy 32, no. 3 (Aug. 2011); Maximilian, Prince of Wied, "Early Western Travels, vol. 22: Part I of Maximilian, Prince of Weid's Travels in the Interior of North America, 1832–1834" (Cleveland: A. H. Clark Co., 1906), 393.