Lawner, Lynne, Lives of the Courtesans: Portraits of the Renaissance. New York: Rizzoli, 1987.
Lorenzi, Lorenzo, trans. Ursula Creagh, Witches: Exploring the Iconography of the Sorceress and Enchantress. Florence: Centra Di, 2005.
Machiavelli. Niccolo, The Discourses. New York: Penguin Putnam, 1998.
Manucci, Niccolao, trans. William Irvine, Mogul India 1653–1708 or Sloria do Mogor, Vols. I & II. New Delhi: Low Price Publications, 1996.
Manucci, Niccolao, trans. William Irvine, Mogul India 1653-1 708 or Storia do Mogor, Vols. Ill & IV. New Delhi, India: Low Price Publications, 1996.
Masson, Georgina, Courtesans of the Italian Renaissance. New York: St Martin's Press, 1976.
McAlister, Lyle N.. Spain and Portugal in the New World: 1492–1700. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1984.
Mee, Charles L., Daily Life in Renaissance Italy. New York: American Heritage Publishing Co. Inc., 1975.
Morgan, David, Medieval Persia, 1040–1797. Essex, UK: Pearson Education Ltd, 1988.
Mukhia, Harbans, The Mughals of India. Maiden, MA: Black-well Publishing, 2004.
Nath, R, Private Life of the Mughals of India: 1526–1803. New Delhi: Rupa & Co., 2005.
Origo, Iris, "The Domestic Enemy: Eastern Slaves in Tuscany in the 14th and 15th Centuries'. Speculum 30 (1955), pp. 321-66.
Pallis, Alexander, In the Days of the Janissaries. London: Hutchinson 6k Co., 1951.
Penrose, Boies, Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance 1420–1620. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1952.
Pottinger, George, The Court of the Medici. London: Croom Helm Ltd, 1978.
Raman, Rajee, Ashoka the Great and Other Stories. Vada-palani, Chennai: Vadapalani Press, date NA.
Rizvi, Saiyid Athar Abbas and Flynn, Vincent John Adams. Fathpur-Sikri. Mumbai India: Taraporevala Sons & Co., 1975.
Rogers, Mary and Tinagli, Paolo, Women in Italy, 1350–1650: Ideals and Reality. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2005.
Rosenberg, Louis Conrad, The Davanzati Palace, Florence, Italy. A Restored Palace of the Fourteenth Century. New York: The Architectural Book Publishing Company, 1922.
Ruggiero, Guido, Binding Passions: Tales of Magic, Marriage, and Power at the End of the Renaissance. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Sachs, Hannelore, The Renaissance Woman — see chapter: 'Women Slaves, Beggars, Witches, Courtesans, Concubines', pp. 49–53. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971.
Savory, Roger, Iran Under the Safavids. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980.
Seed, Patricia, Ceremonies of Possession in Europe's Conquest of the New World: 1492–1640. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Sen, Amartya, The Argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian History, Culture and Identity. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2005.
Seyller, John, The Adventures ofHamza: Painting and Storytelling in Mughal India. Washington, D.C.: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institute, 2002.
Sharma, Shashi S., Caliphs and Sultans: Religious Ideology and Political Praxis. New Delhi: Rupa & Co., 2004.